Carbureter.



wmmmmm APPLEOLTIOH FILED NOV. 10, 1913.

1 W T MN Patented Noam, 19M.

I'm Emmi 615% W W F d-Mia U V" FOULDFL {JARBURETER APPLICATION $11.11;;NOV. 19, 1913.

Patented NOV. 10, 1914.

2 SHBET8-BHEET 3.

WIT/76355693,

consists in the novel carburetor Wh1ch l ini'asm.

' To all whoin it may concern.-

' shell by continuing walls which are so,

State new and useful Improvements 1n Car- 'and' air for internal TENTorr on cnaams v; FOULDS, or BERKELEY, csmronnm;

- ca amaran.

. specification of iiiters Patent. Application filed November 1c, 1913.Serial No. screw.

Patented Nov. 10, 1914..

Be it known that I, CHARLES VfFooLos, a citizen of the United States,residing at Berkeley, in the county of Alameda and of California, haveinvented certain burcters,

of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the class of carbureters.

of the mixture of combustion engines, throughout their entire range of,operation, the requirements of a carbureter to attain this object being,first, that it shall supply tical regulation a uniform mixture ofminimum volume, for 5 light running or idling; second, that itshallsupply a uniform mixture oi? maxi-z mum volumewith minimumresistance to the How of air through it, for full load; and, third, thatit shall supply a uniform II11X- ture of constant proportion for everyload between these two.

'With this object in view, my invention shall hereinafter fullydescribe, by reference to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1is'an elevation of my carbureter. Fig." 2 is a vertical section on theline 02-01 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is ayertical section on the line 3 -1z ofFig. 2. 'Fig. lis a horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3. 35 lside of its foot the air inlet connection 52,

The shell it of the carbureter has at one dotted lines in. Figs. 5project into these oppositesides. The

3 and. gt. 'The istons throatj spaces from thereby enabling are flaredupward The middle portion of the shell is asvare seen partially- I inFig. 2-, and are .iully indicated by the I inner ends of .the'pis tonsare so shaped or cutout. as shown at "h openings 7 of the shell, thatsaid 5 in Figs. 2 and 3, as to form between them,

when brought together, an hourglass openshown in Fig. 3, which openingor passage has come to be known in the art as a Venturi tube; and thisshape of the piston ends so coacts with the flaring elliptical throat assaid pistons separate or approach,

pistons thus control and vary, is preserved for any piston position,such shape being known to be good. practice and fornfhfor a passagesurrounding an aspirating nozzle.

Each piston 5 is controlled by a spring 4. seated in. a socket in itsouter portion and bearing against an end cap 8 of the soat'4, springsacting tomove the pistons toward each other. The pistons are separatedby y of each, said pins playing in slots 10 piston-seats 4-, andcarrying on their outer ends the rollers 11. Between these rollers, asseen in Fig. 1, operates a cam 12, which is mounted and guided on theexterior of the shell by means of lower studs 18, and an in the upperstud 14. over which the cam 12 plays by a slot 15.

In the passage in the head of the shell leading to the engine-intake ismounted the usual butterfly valve or throttle 16 with the pivotal pin1'? of which suitable 'ing connections, not necessary herein to show,are to be made. The pivotal pin 17 oi. the throttle carries a crank 18fromlwhich a connecting link 19, shown in Figs. 1 and 2, extends to andis connected with the cam 12 at 19; Thus the pistons 5 are mechanicallyconnected with and are dependent for their operation upon and inaccordance with the operation of the throttle. I do not, however, theparticular connecconfine myself to tions here illustrated, for othersmay he employed, though in these connections as described there "isinvolved a special feature, namely, the employment of a cam, thoshape ofwhich can-be easily changed to vary and' initially determine the pistonmovement an and different sizes of engines.

20 is the aspirating nozzle, the outlet of which lies in tie horizontalmiddle plane of the 'Ventur'i-throat of the shell between thecontrolling pistons. This nozzle may be mounted 111 any suitablemanner.I have ere shown it as carried in the upper arni the general Venturi' Itube shape of the throat passage which the It has for its object.theiefiicient and 'pracgasolene 7h means of pins 9 secured in the sideoperatcontrol as required by difierent engines connection at 28controlled in the usual manner by a valve 29 operated by the float 30.The float-chamber 28 is carried by the shell 1' and communicates withthe aspirating nozzle 20 by suitable connections, hereshown asconsisting of a nipple 31, joining the float-chamber with thenozzle-chamber fitting 21.

' 32, in Fig. 2, is a vertical tube, which at its lower end 0 ens intothe lower portion of the float-chain er 27, as indicated at 33. The tube32 rises to the level of the to of the shell 1, which level is, inpractice, a out two inches above the normal level of the gasolene in thefloat-chamber. The top of the tube 32 is connected by a small tube 34with the upper portion of the shell 1 above I the throttle 16, and saidsmall tube opens into the shell at this point, as indicated at 35. Thesmall tube 34 is fitted with a needle regulating valve 36, and the tube32 has a small hole 37 in its top, open to the atmosphere.

From the foregoing description of the construction of the carbureter,the following deductions bearing-on its operation may be' drawn. Theair. assage or throat of the carburetor is varie by. the movement of thecontrolling pistons 5, and the operation of these pistons beingdependent on the operation of the throttle 16, it follows that for anygiven position of the throttle, there is a definite position of thepistons, and, conseuently, a definite cross-section area for the t roat.Within'certain limits, the amount of liquid drawn from an aspiratingnozzle varies directly with the speed of the gas passing the nozzle.Now, assuming the throttle to be at some fixed position, and,consequently, admitting a fixed uantity of gas to the engine, thequality, t at is, the proportion of gasolene vapor to air, will dependon the area of the throat surrounding the nozzle, since the quantity ofgas remains the same, while the s ed by the nozzle and with it theamount 0 vapor drawn out, depends on the area of the throat, which asere shown is regulated by the position of the pistons. Therefore, withany position of the throttle and size of aperture in the nozzle, thecorrect mixture may be had by adjusting the positions of the pistons. Bythis means is attained the proper mixture for any constant condition ofoperation. The

function of the vertical tube 32 may now be explained. Under varyingconditions, that is, with sudden changes 0 throttle opening anotherfactor enters and must be provided for. At small throttle, with hi hvacuum in the intake pipe, the interior 0 this pipe is fairly dry; butat large th" file, with low vacuum, the interior of the pipe is coatedwith a thin film ofthe liquid fuel. Vhen, therefore, the throttle issuddenly opened, this film must be first deposited before the normaloperation, at that throttle opening, may commence. At small throttle,with high vacuum, the needle-valve 36 is regulated to permit enough airto rush through the small tube 34 into the intake pipe, to reduce thepressure in the vertical tube 32, until a-column of gasolene is raisedtherein from the float chamber to a height just below said small tube.When the throttle is opened, the-pressure in the intake pipe rises, and,consequently, the amount of air going ifrto the small tube becomes less,so that the column of gasolene falls This causes a temporary rise in thelevel of gasolene in the float-chamber and forces a little extra fuelout of the nozzle to form the needed film.

I claim: 1. In a carbureter, the combination of a shell having an airinlet, an outlet to the engine-intake, and an intervening throatopening;an aspirating nozzle ,fitted in the throat-opening; a throttlecontrolling the outlet to the engine intake; opposing, oppositelyreciprocating pistons seated in the shell with their inner endsprojecting into the throat-opening thereoi, and adapted by theirapproach and recession to vary the cross-sectional area of saidthroat-opening;

and means for operatin the pistons from and conformably with theoperation of the throttle, consisting of a cam, connections between thecani and the pistons, and connections between the throttle and'the cam.,2. In a carburetor, the combination of a] shell having an air inlet, anoutlet .to the? engine-intake, and an intervening throatopening; anaspirating nozzle fitted in the a throttle controlling thethroat-openingoutlet to the engine-intake; and opposing,

oppositely reciprocative pistons-mounted in the shell and rejecting intothe throatopening thereoi: the inner ends of the istons being cut out toform between them an oppositely flarin passage surroiuiding theaspirating nozzle, said passage being variable by the approach andrecession of said ends.- v

3. In a carbureter, the combination of a shell having an air inlet, anoutlet to the engine-intake, and an intervening thr0atopening; anaspirating nozzle ifitted in the throat-opening; a throttle controllingthe outlet to the engine-intake[; opposing, oppositely reciprocativepistons mounted .111 the shell and projecting into the throatspaces ofthe throat-opening of the shell;

near ends of the opening thereof, the inner ends of the pistons beingcut out to form between them an oppositely. flaring passage surroundingthe aspirating nozzle, said passage being 'variableby the approach andrecession of said ends; and means operated-by the throttle movement toreciprocate said pistons conformably therewith.

4. In a carbureter, the combination of a shell having an air inlet, anoutlet to the engine-intake, and an intervenin throatopening, saidopening having w ls shaped to form interior spaces flaring both up anddown from a median plane; an aspirating nozzle fitted in thethroat-opening; a throttle controlling the outlet to the em gine-intake;opposing, oppositely reciprocative pistons mounted in the shell androjecting into the throat-openin thereo to form a closure'in its medianp ane, the inpistons being shaped to form when together an opposltelyflaring passage and to continue during their recession, the generalshape of said passage in conjunction with the flaring interior and meansfor reciprocating said pistons to vary the cross-sectional area of saidthroat-opening. I

5. In a. carbureter, the combination of a shell havin-g an air inlet, anoutlet to the, engine intake, and an intervenin throat- 'opening saidopening having wal s shaped to form interior spaces flaring both up anddown from a median plane; an aspirating nozzle fitted in thethroat-opening; a throttle controlling the outlet to the engine-intake;opposing, oppositely reciprocative pistons mounted in the shell andpro'ecting into the throat-opening thereof to orm a closure in itsmedian plane, the inner ends of the, pistons being shaped to form whentogether an oppositely flaring passage and I to continue during their.recession, the gen eral shape of said passage in con unct1on with theflarmg interior spaces of the throat-opening of the shell; and meansoperated by the movement of the throttle to reciprocate said istons tovary the crosssectional area 01 formably with said throttle movement 6.In a carbureter, the combination -o1. a shell having an air inlet, anoutlet to the engine-intake, and an intervenin throat opening; athrottle controlling t e outlet to the engine-intake; an aspiratingnozzle fitted in the throat-opening; .a float-chamher connected with theas'pirating nozzle; a vertical tube leading out from the lower portionof the float chamber and rising above said chamber, said tube having anairinlet in itsupper end; a tube connectin the upper end of the'verticaltube with th% shell at a point above the throttle; and a valve toregulate the passage of air through the connectin tube.

7 In a car ureter, the combination of a shell-having an air inlet, anoutlet to the engine-intake, and an intervenin throatopening; a throttlecontrolling t e outlet to the engine-intake; an aspirating nozzle fittedin the throat-opening; means oper= ated by the throttle movement and inconformity therewith for varying the capacity of the throat-opening; afloat-chamber con nected with the aspirating nozzle; 8. vertical tubeleading out fromqthe lower portion of the float chamber and rising abovesaid chamber, said tube having an air inlet in its upper end; a tubeconnecting the upper end of the verticaltube with the shell at a pointabove the throttle; and a valve to regulate the passage of air throughthe connecting tube.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of ,two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES v. FOULDS.

Witnesses:

WM; F. Boom,

D. B. RIoHAnns. v

